An artist's courtroom sketch shows Amine El Khalifi, an illegal immigrant from Morocco, as he is brought before a judge in the federal courthouse in Alexandria, Va., on Feb. 17, 2012. El Khalifi, who lives in Alexandria, was arrested near the US Capitol wearing a vest he believed was full of Al Qaeda-supplied explosives and is charged in an attempted suicide bombing of Congress, the Justice Department said. He had been given the gun and the explosives in the suicide vest by the FBI in a sting operation. The explosives and gun had been rendered inoperable and posed no danger to the public. Reuters
DANIEL PATRICK BOYD. Arrested July 27, 2009. Mr. Boyd is considered the ringleader of a group of seven men in South Carolina charged with supporting "violent jihad" movements in countries including Israel, Jordan, Kosovo, and Pakistan. According to the indictment, Boyd received training from Islamic radicals in Pakistan and Afghanistan, but he has not been linked to Al Qaeda or other militant groups operating in those areas. He pleaded guilty in 2011. Department of Justice/AP/File
ADAM GADAHN. Mr. Gadahn is the most wanted American member of Al Qaeda and the first US citizen since the 1940s to be charged with treason. He is one of two Americans on the FBI’s list of 28 most-wanted terrorists, and the US is offering $1 million for information leading to his capture. Gadahn, born in Oregon and raised in California, was considered a senior commander under Osama bin Laden and said to play the role of 'translator, video producer, and cultural interpreter.' In this image from a video posted March 2010, Gadahn praised Nidal Malik Hasan, the US Army major charged with killing 13 people in Fort Hood, Texas, as a role model for other Muslims. He is still at large. IntelCenter/AP
ABDUL RAHMAN YASIN. At large. Born in 1960 in Bloomington, Ind., Yasin is wanted for alleged participation in the 1993 terrorist bombing of the World Trade Center, which killed six people. He is on the FBI’s list of most-wanted terrorists, and the US is offering as much as $5 million for information leading to his arrest. He is pictured in this 2001 poster. Reuters/File
ANWAR AL-AWLAKI. Born in 1971 in Las Cruces, N.M., the Al Qaeda cleric and senior recruiter was sometimes called the 'bin Laden of the Internet.' Awlaki led efforts by militant Sunni preachers who sought to reach out to English-speaking Muslims and encouraged them to engage in jihad in the West. He was linked to the alleged Fort Hood shooter Nidal Malik Hasan and to Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the Nigerian 'underwear bomber' who pleaded guilty to attempting to set off a bomb on a Northwest Airlines flight to Detroit on Dec. 25, 2009. Awlaki was killed in September 2011 by a US drone strike in Yemen, where he is shown in this October 2008 photo. Muhammad ud-Deen/AP/FILE
OMAR HAMMAMI. Alabama-born Omar Hammami was profiled in a 2010 New York Times feature, 'The Jihadist Next Door.' Raised Christian in a Bible-Belt town, the son to a Syrian father and American mother was gradually drawn into fundamentalist Islam and in 2007 joined Somalia’s Al Qaeda-backed insurgent group Al Shabaab. He is identified by peers as Abu Mansoor al-Amriki, 'the American.' He is said to be a rising star and major recruiter, as in this March 31, 2009, image from a recruiting video released by the jihadist forums. Hammami is still at large and is believed to be in Somalia. AP/File
NIDAL MALIK HASAN: Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, a US Army doctor seen in this undated photo, is charged in a mass shooting at the US Army post in Fort Hood, Texas, in November 2009. Thirteen people died in the shooting spree, and Hasan is charged with murder. His military trial is scheduled for June 2012. Born in Arlington, Va., Hasan had never deployed to a war zone but was due to deploy to Iraq. Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences/Reuters
NAJIBULLAH ZAZI. Born in Afghanistan, Mr. Zazi moved with his family to New York City in 1999 and he became a legal US resident. Court documents allege that in 2008 he traveled to Afghanistan to join the Taliban, though he was recruited by Al Qaeda. He returned to the US in January 1999, moved to Denver, and in September 2009 was arrested for plotting to blow up New York’s subways with homemade bombs. He pleaded guilty in early 2010 to conspiring to use weapons of mass destruction, conspiring to commit murder, and providing support to a terrorist organization. In this September 2009 photo, Zazi, center, is escorted off an New York Police Department helicopter. He faces a possible life sentence. New York City Police Department/AP/FILE
JOHN WALKER LINDH. Lindh, born in Washington, D.C., was captured Nov. 25, 2001 as an enemy combatant during the United States' invasion of Afghanistan. He became interested in Islam after seeing the Spike Lee film 'Malcolm X' and converted in 1997. Lindh is serving a 20-year prison sentence. Pictured here is Lindh on the attendance register of the madrassa (Islamic school) Arabia Hassani Kalan Surani Bannu, in Pakistan in 2002. Haider Shah/Reuters/FILE
DAVID HEADLEY. Born in Washington, D.C., Headley is charged with scouting locations for the 2008 terrorist attacks in Mumbai that killed 174 people. Like ‘Jihad Jane' Colleen LaRose, indicted for plotting to kill a Swedish cartoonist, Headley is also alleged to have planned a strike against the Danish newspaper that published controversial cartoons of Islam's Prophet Muhammad in 2005, prosecutors say. In this December 2009 courtroom drawing, Headley appears in federal court in Chicago. He currently awaits trial. India is seeking to extradite Headley to be tried with his co-conspirators, but Headley made a plea bargain with the US government that prevents his extradition, on the condition of his cooperation with investigators. Verna Sadock/AP
COLLEEN LAROSE. The Michigan-born LaRose was arrested in October 2009, and she pleaded guilty to charges including conspiracy to provide material support to terrorists and to murder a person in a foreign country. The blonde, green-eyed American from the suburbs of Philadelphia called herself 'Jihad Jane' and 'Fatima LaRose' online. She linked up with militants over the Internet to plot terrorist acts, including a plan to kill a Swedish cartoonist. SITE Intelligence Group/AP
FAISAL SHAHZAD: Faisal Shahzad was arrested in a New York airport in 2010 on charges that he drove a bomb-laden SUV meant to explode in Times Square. Shahzad, a Pakistani-born US citizen, appears to have had little real training in explosives technique, according to US officials. Shahzad lived in Shelton, Conn., with his family until they lost their house to foreclosure and the family left the US for Karachi in July 2009. Shahzad pleaded guilty to charges including terrorism and possessing weapons of mass destruction and was sentenced to life in prison in October 2010. Orkut.com/AP
THE 'D.C. FIVE.' A Pakistani policeman escorts hand-cuffed men identified as Aman Hassan Yemer (l.), Ahmed Abdulah Minni (2nd l.), Waqar Hussain Khan (r.), Ramy Zamzam (l. rear), and Umar Farooq (r. rear), all American citizens from northern Virginia, as they leave a police station after their court appearance in Sargodha, Pakistan. A Pakistani court in 2010 sentenced the five American students, accused of contacting militants in Pakistan over the Internet and plotting terrorist attacks, to 10 years each in prison. Faisal Mahmood/Reuters
Army Maj. Nidal Hasan cannot use the defense that he acted to protect Taliban leaders from US soldiers deploying to Afghanistan, a military judge ruled Friday. His challenge now is to come up with another explanation to argue at his court-martial.
A military judge overseeing the court-martial of Maj. Nidal Hasan ruled Friday that the Army psychiatrist cannot argue in court that he killed 13 soldiers at Fort Hood in defense of Taliban leaders in Afghanistan, including leader Mullah Omar.
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