Republicans score key wins on spending

Heading into the last days of the legislative session, Republicans in Congress and President Bush are chalking up some surprising victories on federal spending.

That has put Democrats on the defensive. From a campaign pledge to change the course of the war in Iraq to tax and spending plans, Democrats are now having to scuttle key elements of their agenda. The extent of their retrenchment will become clear this week as Congress moves to pass key spending bills.

The secret behind the GOP's success? A show of unity between the minority party on the Hill and the White House.

"There's an interesting cultural argument to be made that Republicans as a party are simply more disciplined than Democrats," says Ross Baker, a political scientist at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, N.J. "There is also a very strong perception on the part of Republicans that the president is popular with the party base, and for that reason they don't want to desert him. The third factor is that you have a president with nothing to lose – and someone who has nothing to lose in this kind of showdown is going to win."

The White House said Monday it was encouraged by concessions made by Democrats over the weekend as they crafted a $500 billion-plus catchall spending bill. The year-end measure mostly sticks within Mr. Bush's budget even as it shifts billions of dollars into politically sensitive domestic programs he sought to cut.

Since last spring, Bush has said that he would veto any spending package for fiscal year 2008 that exceeded his $933 billion discretionary spending cap. Democrats tried to add $23 billion in programs with broad popular support. Last week, they dropped it to $11 billion.

Again, Bush threatened a veto and GOP leaders in both the House and Senate said they had the votes to sustain it.

After intense weekend negotiations, Democrats are moving a new omnibus spending bill to the floor that is expected to meet the president's cap, with some add-ons for emergency spending that the White House has signaled it may support.

Next win: war funds with no strings?

In addition, Democrats are bracing for a setback that includes funding for the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq without timetables for withdrawal or other strings attached. If this scenario plays out, it’s a blow for Democrats who took control of the House and Senate this year with a pledge to change course in the war.

The end-of-year spending package includes $31 billion in emergency funding for the war in Afghanistan and equipment to protect the troops. Aides on both sides of the aisle predict that the House will passspending for Afghanistan, and the Senate will add spending for the warin Iraq. Until this week, House Democratic leaders said they could not support more funding for the war in Iraq without assurances that the president was shifting US forces out of a combat role. [Editor's note: The original version misidentified the war for which the package provides emergency funding.]
The president says that he will veto any war-spending bill that includes strings. This week most Republicans and some Senate Democrats say they will support him.
"My biggest fear is that our troops won't be funded and that the Pentagon will start pulling funds from other sources, such as the National Guard and our bases here at home," says Sen. Ben Nelson (D) of Nebraska, a member of the Senate Appropriations Committee and the Senate Armed Services Committee. Without a war-funding bill this week, the Pentagon says it will be necessary to send out furlough notices affecting some 100,000 civilian employees almost immediately.

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