Readers Write: America's class divide is really an information gap
Letters to the Editor for the weekly print issue of July 9, 2012: Information capital – the power to think and use information creatively – evolves over time as the product of a person's experiences with words and concepts. Poor children have less chance of developing it than their richer peers.
Class divide – really an information gap
In his June 25 commentary, "What Obama and Romney should be talking about," John J. Pitney Jr. chided President Obama and Mitt Romney for not addressing America's growing class inequality and lack of class mobility.
The reason for this division may rest on one enviable commodity: information capital. Information capital – the power to think and use information creatively – evolves over time as the product of a person's experiences with words and concepts.
But not all children have the same chance of developing it. As part of a grant from the William Penn Foundation, we've spent more than 10 years in one low-income and one middle-class neighborhood in Philadelphia. We found children in poverty are at a disadvantage, which we detail in our upcoming book, "Giving Our Children a Fighting Chance: Poverty, Literacy, and the Development of Information Capital."
Print materials, a key ingredient in helping children develop reading skills, are hard to find in a low-income neighborhood. As a result, children here see fewer people reading and have fewer resources to read themselves. This continues with extreme differences in parental attitudes toward learning. Devoid of resources and experiences themselves, parents are less capable of helping their children become proficient readers.
This divide grows in this digital age. Kids from affluent neighborhoods have more access to computers and the Internet at home. They become more familiar with technology, gain more information, and become specialists in knowledge areas. Low-income kids tend to use technology for entertainment.
These gaps will continue to grow unless we address the information environment itself. Children from low-income areas need greater access to books, computers, and the Internet as well as assistance from capable adult mentors and often underfunded public libraries.
For too long, the focus in education has been on "how" to teach, rather than "what" to teach. No matter how hard teachers may work on teaching higher-level reasoning or critical thinking skills, nothing will "stick" if students don't have the requisite background of content knowledge to build on.
Susan B. Neuman
Professor of education
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Donna C. Celano
Assistant professor of communication
La Salle University, Philadelphia