Topic: Anwar Sadat

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How Syria and other countries use emergency rule to quash dissent

The concept of emergency rule has been at the forefront of much of the Mideast unrest. Meant to help a country in times of danger, emergency law has sometimes been turned into a political tool.
Five ways Egypt's Constitution stifles opposition

Among the demands of Egyptian protesters in Cairo's Tahrir Square, one of the most central is constitutional reform that will prevent a repeat of the concentration of power achieved under President Hosni Mubarak.
Vice President Omar Suleiman announced Feb. 8 that a committee had been formed to discuss constitutional reforms necessary for free and fair elections, but many protesters are wary that the reforms will be only superficial.
Below are a few of the constitutional provisions that have served to limit Egypt’s opposition and cement the government’s power.
In Pictures: Rulers of Egypt

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Focus
Are terrorists beyond redemption?

The record shows that some radicals can be persuaded to give up the gun when inducements and local conditions are right. The Pentagon recently spent $4.5 million to find out more.
Backchannels
Israeli ties with Egypt strained by transition?

Though Egypt and Israel insist the decision to end a gas sales contract wasn't political, it's hard to see annulling the largest ever contract between the two countries as anything but.
In 1978 Egypt, Jimmy Carter had cachet. In 'new' Egypt, not so much.

Jimmy Carter brokered the Camp David Accords that normalized Egyptian-Israeli relations. This week Egypt's military rulers dissed the ex-president, refusing to allow his Carter Center to observe the presidential election next month.
Mike Wallace: the legendary '60 Minutes' career that almost wasn't (+video)

Mike Wallace, who died this weekend, considered another path after covering the 1968 presidential campaign. But in the end, he set a high standard for serious long-form investigative journalism.
Mike Wallace, '60 Minutes' interrogator, gave show journalistic heft and a showman's flair (+video)

Wallace had such a fearsome reputation as an interviewer that 'Mike Wallace is here to see you' were among the most dreaded words a newsmaker could hear.
Egypt's Coptic pope: How he negotiated waves of sectarianism

When Pope Shenouda III became pope in 1971, sectarianism was on the rise. Banished briefly by Sadat, he later worked to promote better ties with the Mubarak regime to help Christians.
Egypt's Coptic Christians mourn pope, mull more activist future

Pope Shenouda III, the leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, died Saturday. His successor will help shape the role Christians will play in the new Egypt.
US and Israel haven't learned their history lessons. Palestinians and Abbas have.

Billions in US aid dollars to individual economies and militaries in the Middle East have not strengthened peace. The success of post-war Europe shows the key to unity is to get citizens of different nations to work together. That hasn't really happened with Israel, Jordan, and Egypt.
Backchannels
Israel and Egypt: The view from Cairo

The Israel-Egypt relationship can't be the same again.
Send mediators to Washington

There is a way to resolve political impasses like the one that nearly caused a default on US debt. Every day, mediators settle business, divorce, and employment disputes. A George Mitchell or Kenneth Feinberg could do the same for Washington.
Key force in Tahrir Square: Egypt's labor movement

Kamal Abu Eitta endured years of torture and arrest trying to build an independent labor movement in Egypt. Now organized labor is trying to emerge as a real force in Egypt's transition.
Terrorism & Security
Ayman al-Zawahiri: Who is Al Qaeda's new leader?

Ayman al-Zawahiri, Al Qaeda's operational leader for many years, will succeed Osama bin Laden as the terror group's new chief.
Terrorism & Security
Al Qaeda reportedly taps Saif al-Adel as successor, potentially signaling a rift

Al Qaeda senior leaders reportedly chose Egyptian militant Saif al-Adel as an interim successor to Osama bin Laden, instead of expected next-in-line Ayman al-Zawahiri.
The future of Al Qaeda and its likely leader

Ayman al-Zawahiri, Osama bin Laden's chief strategist, is poised to take command of a group that has been in decline for years.
Ayman al-Zawahiri: How will he shape Al Qaeda?

Al Qaeda's former No. 2 Ayman al-Zawahiri is seen worldwide as the top leader of Al Qaeda. But he may lack the charismatic Osama bin Laden's ability to rally followers.
Court order to dissolve Egypt's NDP deals body blow to old power structure

In the absence of the National Democratic Party (NDP), the electoral field in September will be wide open for the Muslim Brotherhood to perform strongly.
How Syria and other countries use emergency rule to quash dissent

The concept of emergency rule has been at the forefront of much of the Mideast unrest. Meant to help a country in times of danger, emergency law has sometimes been turned into a political tool.
After Libya, Egypt, and Tunisia, what comes next?

Pro-democracy warriors in Middle Eastern countries such as Libya, Egypt, and Tunisia push through barriers of fear only to find a constellation of needs, demands, and problems on the other side.
How Egypt's protesters will change US ties

The new Egypt is likely to emerge as more independent, diverging from US wishes in certain areas – such as reaching out to Iran. But the allies still have long-term common interests.
Decoder Wire
US aid to Egypt: What does it buy?

Since 1979, Egypt has averaged $2 billion a year in US aid. Lately, the military has received at least half that, using it to cover most of its weapons purchases.
Why Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood isn't the Islamic bogeyman

Western fears of Islamist takeover in post-Mubarak Egypt are unfounded. During recent protests, the Muslim Brotherhood has demonstrated a commitment to peaceful political participation. The US now has an opportunity to support a truly democratic Egypt, including the Brotherhood.
Mubarak's legacy – and his downfall: A stale stability

Unlike his iconic predecessors Anwar Sadat and Gamal Abdel Nasser, who left clear imprints on Egypt, Hosni Mubarak will probably be remembered more for unfulfilled expectations.
Mubarak stepping down in Egypt: Was it a coup?

With Hosni Mubarak stepping down, the transfer of power to the military seems like a coup. But new lines of authority in Egypt are not clear, and the Army is not the only actor on the political stage.
Editor's Blog
Egypt protests: Mubarak's going -- just not fast enough

As in Tunisia, the long-ruling president is proving a liability to the power structure. He's going. But not quickly enough for protesters.
Backchannels
Hosni Mubarak gets backing of Egypt's military: Who's really in charge?

Hosni Mubarak's refusal to step down after a day of signals that he was leaving power is pushing Egypt's uprising toward a dangerous confrontation. Egypt's military appears to be firmly backing the regime.