How does Simon Mann stack up among Africa's white mercenaries?

Mann, the son and grandson of England cricket captains, now returns home to enjoy what's left of his fortune with the dubious distinction of being the last white man to try to take over an African country. It's hard to see anyone taking that distinction away from him, since there aren't many of the so-called "Dogs of War" left. But he belongs to a rich tradition of European adventurers who sought to increase their fortunes at the barrel of a rifle in Africa after the colonial era drew to a close.

On our list, he comes in fifth among the recent white mercenaries in Africa.

Here are our top four in descending order:

1. 'Colonel' Bob Denard. Mr. Denard fought his way across Africa from north to south for 40 years (with a brief tour along the way in French Indochina). His first conviction was while serving as a colonial policeman for France in Morocco in 1954, when he was convicted of participating in a plot to assassinate French Prime Minister Pierre Mendes-France, who was then negotiating a withdrawal from France's North African possessions. After fighting on various sides of Congo's conflicts in the 1960s, he made his first big splash in 1975 by successfully aiding a coup in the Comoros, the tiny island nation off the east coast of Africa. It was the first of four coups Denard helped lead in the Comoros, an entanglement that took up the rest of his life and ultimately led to his downfall. The self-described "pirate of the republic" always hinted that he was working for the glory of France, an impression bolstered by his lenient treatment by the French justice system. He was sentenced, but never served jail time, by a French court for his participation in a failed coup in Benin in 1977.

His 1975 coup replaced Comoran President Ahmed Abdullah, who had declared independence from France, with Ali Soilih. But when Mr. Soilih turned toward leftist politics, Denard returned to the islands in 1978 with a few dozen hardened mercenaries and helped install Mr. Abdullah to power again (Mr. Soilih was killed in mysterious circumstances during the coup). Denard served as the head of Abdullah's presidential guard for the next decade, and grew wealthy thanks to military contracts in nearby Mozambique and thanks to the Comoros' then-favored position as a way-station for getting around sanctions against South Africa's apartheid regime. A coup against Abdullah ended this idyll, with Abdullah killed and Denard escaping to South Africa with only a minor gunshot wound thanks to the aid of French commandos. But he could not stay away. In September 1995, Denard, then 65, led a small group of hired guns on zodiacs back to the Comoros in an attempt to oust the government that had replaced Abdullah. France took matters into its own hands this time, putting down Denard's final coup attempt and taking him home to face trial. Denard again received a suspended sentence and passed away in France in 2007.

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