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The Jaruzelski regime has not won any admirers in the West. But its willingness to stand up to Kremlin criticism should score a small point. It seems that a Soviet weekly, New Times, lashed out at the Polish party journal Polityka - and by indirection its former editor, Deputy Premier Mieczyslaw Rakowski - as ''allergic to real socialism.'' That is Moscow's way of warning it does not like what is going on in Warsaw. Polityka, apparently with the approval of the Polish Politburo, has struck back, criticizing New Times for inaccurate quotations and Polish party hard-liners for trying to exploit the Soviet attack.

Evidence accumulates that General Jaruzelski has as much trouble from right-wing militants within his own party as from the outlawed Solidarity union.